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All of GEM’s products are freely available for public good, non-commercial use, but they may have different license restrictions. Open and free distribution of data, models, and tools remains at the core of GEM’s work, further enhancing their availability and accessibility.

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Available Seismic Hazard and Risk Models and Datasets
The gallery or list will show the region, country, or territory that currently has GEM seismic hazard and exposure models based on your search input.
By selecting a region in the global map below, a table will appear to quickly take you to the available resources in that region. You can also use the Search box to look up any specific region, country or territory.








Popup title
Country/Region | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Dominican Republic | Hazard | Exposure | Vulnerability | Risk Profile |
East Asia | Hazard | Exposure | Vulnerability | Risk Profile |
Ecuador | Hazard | Exposure | Vulnerability | Risk Profile |
Egypt | Hazard | Exposure | Vulnerability | Risk Profile |
El Salvador | Hazard | Exposure | Vulnerability | Risk Profile |
Equatorial Guinea | Hazard | Exposure | Vulnerability | Risk Profile |
Eritrea | Hazard | Exposure | Vulnerability | Risk Profile |
Estonia | Hazard | Exposure | Vulnerability | Risk Profile |
Eswatini | Hazard | Exposure | Vulnerability | Risk Profile |
Ethiopia | Hazard | Exposure | Vulnerability | Risk Profile |
Europe | Hazard | Exposure | Vulnerability | Risk Profile |
Fiji | Hazard | Exposure | Vulnerability | Risk Profile |
Country/Region | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Dominican Republic | Hazard | Exposure | Vulnerability | Risk Profile |
East Asia | Hazard | Exposure | Vulnerability | Risk Profile |
Ecuador | Hazard | Exposure | Vulnerability | Risk Profile |
Egypt | Hazard | Exposure | Vulnerability | Risk Profile |
El Salvador | Hazard | Exposure | Vulnerability | Risk Profile |
Equatorial Guinea | Hazard | Exposure | Vulnerability | Risk Profile |
Eritrea | Hazard | Exposure | Vulnerability | Risk Profile |
Estonia | Hazard | Exposure | Vulnerability | Risk Profile |
Eswatini | Hazard | Exposure | Vulnerability | Risk Profile |
Ethiopia | Hazard | Exposure | Vulnerability | Risk Profile |
Europe | Hazard | Exposure | Vulnerability | Risk Profile |
Fiji | Hazard | Exposure | Vulnerability | Risk Profile |
0
Sort by Title:
Product | Short Description | License | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
OpenQuake QGIS Plugin | Plugin to drive and visualize OpenQuake engine results in QGIS | AGPL v3.0 | Software |
Pacific Islands Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for the Pacific Islands | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Model |
Pacific Ocean Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for the Pacific Ocean | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Model |
Papua New Guinea Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for Papua New Guinea | CC BY 4.0 | Model |
Philippine Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for the Philippines | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Model |
South Africa Financial Loss Model | Country model to assess potential financial losses to commercial, industrial and residential buildings due to earthquakes | Custom License | Model |
South Africa Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for South Africa | CC BY-SA 4.0 | Model |
South America Exposure | Repository with the inventory of residential, commercial and industrial buildings in South America | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Model |
South America Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for South America | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Model |
South Asia Exposure | Repository with the inventory of residential, commercial and industrial buildings in South Asia | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Model |
Southeast Asia Exposure | Repository with the inventory of residential, commercial and industrial buildings in Southeast Asia | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 | Model |
Southeast Asia Hazard | OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for Southeast Asia | CC BY-SA 4.0 | Model |
Software
OpenQuake QGIS Plugin
License type:
AGPL v3.0
This plugin allows users to drive OpenQuake Engine calculations of physical hazard and risk, and to load the corresponding outputs as QGIS layers. For those outputs, data visualization tools are provided. The toolkit also enables users to develop composite indicators to measure and quantify social characteristics, and combine them with estimates of human or infrastructure loss. A post-earthquake recovery modeling framework is incorporated into the toolkit, to produce building level and/or community level recovery functions.
Model
Papua New Guinea Hazard
License type:
CC BY 4.0
The model covering Papua New Guinea was developed within a collaboration between the Port Moresby Geophysical Observatory and Geoscience Australia; see Ghasemi et al. (2016). The original construction of the model is compatible with the OpenQuake engine.
Model
Philippine Hazard
License type:
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
The initial version (v2018.0.0) of the seismic hazard model for the Philippines was developed by the jointly by the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) and the Global Earthquake Model (GEM) in the OpenQuake engine format.
Since the original version, several updates were made to the model by the GEM hazard team, leading to the latest release (v2018.2.0), which was used in the computation of the 2023 Global Earthquake Hazard and Risk Maps. Among other important improvements, this model extends the minimum magnitude of events for crustal distributed seismicity and updated the GMPEs used for more recent ones.
Model
South Africa Financial Loss Model
License type:
Custom License
GEM's South Africa earthquake risk model was generated using the hazard model for South Africa developed by the South Africa Council for Geoscience as the national hazard model, and for input to South Africa building design regulations. The vulnerability and exposure models and data were developed by GEM and cover the residential, commercial and industrial building stock. The risk model may be used to assess potential financial losses to commercial, industrial and residential buildings due to earthquake ground shaking. Further technical information can be found in the documentation.
GEM extensively collaborated with its private and public partners to test and validate the model against industry standards in order to produce a new model that represents GEM’s view of risk. The model is available in Oasis and Touchstone formats, as well as through the NASDAQ platform.
Model
South Africa Hazard
License type:
CC BY-SA 4.0
The initial version of the model was developed by scientists from the Council for Geoscience, South Africa and the Indian Institute of Technology, Jammu, India. The model is described by Midzi et al. (2019). The seismic source model was developed using a newly updated catalogue and consists of zones of distributed seismicity, while the ground motion logic tree consists of two existing ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs) derived for active shallow crust. The model was originally created for the OpenQuake engine. The latest openly available version is v2018.0.2.
Since the original version, several updates were made to the model by the GEM hazard team, leading to the latest release (v2018.1.0), which was used in the computation of the 2023 Global Earthquake Hazard and Risk Maps. Among other important improvements, this model extends the minimum magnitude of events for crustal distributed seismicity and updated the GMPEs used for more recent ones.
Model
South America Exposure
License type:
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
The Global Exposure Model is a mosaic of local and regional models with information regarding the residential, commercial, and industrial building stock at the smallest available administrative division of each country and includes details about the number of buildings, number of occupants, vulnerability characteristics, average built-up area, and average replacement cost.
The dataset is developed and maintained by the GEM Foundation, using a bottom-up approach at the global scale, using national statistics, socio-economic data, and local datasets. This model allows the identification of the most common types of construction worldwide, regions with large fractions of informal construction, and areas prone to natural disasters with a high concentration of population and building stock.
The South America region of the model includes the information pertaining the following countries/territories:
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, French_Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela
Model
South America Hazard
License type:
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
The first version of the South America Model (v2016.0.0) was developed in the framework of the SARA project (SARA project v1.0, Garcia et al., 2017) funded by Swiss Re Foundation and benefits of the contribution of an important group of South American Institutions.
Since the original version, several significant updates have been made to the model by the GEM hazard team, leading to the latest release (v2020.1.0), which was used in the computation of the 2023 Global Earthquake Hazard and Risk Maps. This model covers the whole South American continent, with the exception of the Faulkland and the Galapagos Islands. Panama and the northeastern part of the Caribbean have been updated using newer information from the CCARA project, a GEM collaboration project funded by USAID.
Model
South Asia Exposure
License type:
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
The Global Exposure Model is a mosaic of local and regional models with information regarding the residential, commercial, and industrial building stock at the smallest available administrative division of each country and includes details about the number of buildings, number of occupants, vulnerability characteristics, average built-up area, and average replacement cost.
The dataset is developed and maintained by the GEM Foundation, using a bottom-up approach at the global scale, using national statistics, socio-economic data, and local datasets. This model allows the identification of the most common types of construction worldwide, regions with large fractions of informal construction, and areas prone to natural disasters with a high concentration of population and building stock.
The South Asia region of the model includes the information pertaining the following countries/territories:
Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri_Lanka
Model
Southeast Asia Exposure
License type:
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
The Global Exposure Model is a mosaic of local and regional models with information regarding the residential, commercial, and industrial building stock at the smallest available administrative division of each country and includes details about the number of buildings, number of occupants, vulnerability characteristics, average built-up area, and average replacement cost.
The dataset is developed and maintained by the GEM Foundation, using a bottom-up approach at the global scale, using national statistics, socio-economic data, and local datasets. This model allows the identification of the most common types of construction worldwide, regions with large fractions of informal construction, and areas prone to natural disasters with a high concentration of population and building stock.
The Southeast Asia region of the model includes the information pertaining the following countries/territories:
Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Timor_Leste, Vietnam
Model
Southeast Asia Hazard
License type:
CC BY-SA 4.0
The most updated open version of the hazard model for Continental Southeast Asia (v2018.0.2) covers Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Singapore, and West Malaysia. The model was developed by a group of scientists from Singapore, Thailand, Myanmar and Vietnam. It was originally developed in the OpenQuake engine. Two seismic source models were independently developed by the Earth Observatory of Singapore (Chan et al., in prep) and Mahidol University (Ornthammarath et al., in prep). The two source models are weighted equally in a source model logic tree. The Ground Motion Characterisation for the two models is the same.
Since the original version, several significant updates have been made to the model by the GEM hazard team, leading to the latest release (v2018.1.0), which was used in the computation of the 2023 Global Earthquake Hazard and Risk Maps. Differences in between the models can be consulted in the documentation.
Software
OpenQuake QGIS Plugin
License type:
AGPL v3.0
This plugin allows users to drive OpenQuake Engine calculations of physical hazard and risk, and to load the corresponding outputs as QGIS layers. For those outputs, data visualization tools are provided. The toolkit also enables users to develop composite indicators to measure and quantify social characteristics, and combine them with estimates of human or infrastructure loss. A post-earthquake recovery modeling framework is incorporated into the toolkit, to produce building level and/or community level recovery functions.
Model
Papua New Guinea Hazard
License type:
CC BY 4.0
The model covering Papua New Guinea was developed within a collaboration between the Port Moresby Geophysical Observatory and Geoscience Australia; see Ghasemi et al. (2016). The original construction of the model is compatible with the OpenQuake engine.
Model
Philippine Hazard
License type:
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
The initial version (v2018.0.0) of the seismic hazard model for the Philippines was developed by the jointly by the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) and the Global Earthquake Model (GEM) in the OpenQuake engine format.
Since the original version, several updates were made to the model by the GEM hazard team, leading to the latest release (v2018.2.0), which was used in the computation of the 2023 Global Earthquake Hazard and Risk Maps. Among other important improvements, this model extends the minimum magnitude of events for crustal distributed seismicity and updated the GMPEs used for more recent ones.
Model
South Africa Financial Loss Model
License type:
Custom License
GEM's South Africa earthquake risk model was generated using the hazard model for South Africa developed by the South Africa Council for Geoscience as the national hazard model, and for input to South Africa building design regulations. The vulnerability and exposure models and data were developed by GEM and cover the residential, commercial and industrial building stock. The risk model may be used to assess potential financial losses to commercial, industrial and residential buildings due to earthquake ground shaking. Further technical information can be found in the documentation.
GEM extensively collaborated with its private and public partners to test and validate the model against industry standards in order to produce a new model that represents GEM’s view of risk. The model is available in Oasis and Touchstone formats, as well as through the NASDAQ platform.
Model
South Africa Hazard
License type:
CC BY-SA 4.0
The initial version of the model was developed by scientists from the Council for Geoscience, South Africa and the Indian Institute of Technology, Jammu, India. The model is described by Midzi et al. (2019). The seismic source model was developed using a newly updated catalogue and consists of zones of distributed seismicity, while the ground motion logic tree consists of two existing ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs) derived for active shallow crust. The model was originally created for the OpenQuake engine. The latest openly available version is v2018.0.2.
Since the original version, several updates were made to the model by the GEM hazard team, leading to the latest release (v2018.1.0), which was used in the computation of the 2023 Global Earthquake Hazard and Risk Maps. Among other important improvements, this model extends the minimum magnitude of events for crustal distributed seismicity and updated the GMPEs used for more recent ones.
Model
South America Exposure
License type:
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
The Global Exposure Model is a mosaic of local and regional models with information regarding the residential, commercial, and industrial building stock at the smallest available administrative division of each country and includes details about the number of buildings, number of occupants, vulnerability characteristics, average built-up area, and average replacement cost.
The dataset is developed and maintained by the GEM Foundation, using a bottom-up approach at the global scale, using national statistics, socio-economic data, and local datasets. This model allows the identification of the most common types of construction worldwide, regions with large fractions of informal construction, and areas prone to natural disasters with a high concentration of population and building stock.
The South America region of the model includes the information pertaining the following countries/territories:
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, French_Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela
Model
South America Hazard
License type:
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
The first version of the South America Model (v2016.0.0) was developed in the framework of the SARA project (SARA project v1.0, Garcia et al., 2017) funded by Swiss Re Foundation and benefits of the contribution of an important group of South American Institutions.
Since the original version, several significant updates have been made to the model by the GEM hazard team, leading to the latest release (v2020.1.0), which was used in the computation of the 2023 Global Earthquake Hazard and Risk Maps. This model covers the whole South American continent, with the exception of the Faulkland and the Galapagos Islands. Panama and the northeastern part of the Caribbean have been updated using newer information from the CCARA project, a GEM collaboration project funded by USAID.
Model
South Asia Exposure
License type:
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
The Global Exposure Model is a mosaic of local and regional models with information regarding the residential, commercial, and industrial building stock at the smallest available administrative division of each country and includes details about the number of buildings, number of occupants, vulnerability characteristics, average built-up area, and average replacement cost.
The dataset is developed and maintained by the GEM Foundation, using a bottom-up approach at the global scale, using national statistics, socio-economic data, and local datasets. This model allows the identification of the most common types of construction worldwide, regions with large fractions of informal construction, and areas prone to natural disasters with a high concentration of population and building stock.
The South Asia region of the model includes the information pertaining the following countries/territories:
Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri_Lanka
Model
Southeast Asia Exposure
License type:
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
The Global Exposure Model is a mosaic of local and regional models with information regarding the residential, commercial, and industrial building stock at the smallest available administrative division of each country and includes details about the number of buildings, number of occupants, vulnerability characteristics, average built-up area, and average replacement cost.
The dataset is developed and maintained by the GEM Foundation, using a bottom-up approach at the global scale, using national statistics, socio-economic data, and local datasets. This model allows the identification of the most common types of construction worldwide, regions with large fractions of informal construction, and areas prone to natural disasters with a high concentration of population and building stock.
The Southeast Asia region of the model includes the information pertaining the following countries/territories:
Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Timor_Leste, Vietnam
Model
Southeast Asia Hazard
License type:
CC BY-SA 4.0
The most updated open version of the hazard model for Continental Southeast Asia (v2018.0.2) covers Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Singapore, and West Malaysia. The model was developed by a group of scientists from Singapore, Thailand, Myanmar and Vietnam. It was originally developed in the OpenQuake engine. Two seismic source models were independently developed by the Earth Observatory of Singapore (Chan et al., in prep) and Mahidol University (Ornthammarath et al., in prep). The two source models are weighted equally in a source model logic tree. The Ground Motion Characterisation for the two models is the same.
Since the original version, several significant updates have been made to the model by the GEM hazard team, leading to the latest release (v2018.1.0), which was used in the computation of the 2023 Global Earthquake Hazard and Risk Maps. Differences in between the models can be consulted in the documentation.
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