Publications Seismic risk assessment for the residential buildings of the three major cities in Colombia: Bogotá, Medellín, and Cali Share Facebook LinkedIn Download 2020 | Peer-reviewed This study presents a seismic risk assessment and a set of earthquake scenarios for the residential building stock of the three largest metropolitan centers of Colombia: Bogotá, Medellín and Cali (with 8.0, 2.5, and 2.4 million inhabitants, respectively). A uniform methodology was followed for the development of the seismic hazard, vulnerability, and exposure models, thus allowing a direct comparison between the seismic risk of the different cities. Risk metrics such as exceedance probability curves and average annual losses were computed for each city. The earthquake scenarios were selected considering events whose direct economic impact is similar to the aggregated loss for a probability of exceedance of 10% in 50 years. Results show a higher mean aggregate loss ratio for Cali and similar mean aggregate loss ratios for Bogotá and Medellín. All of the models used in this study are openly accessible, enabling risk modelers, engineers, and stakeholders to explore them for disaster risk management.

Publications Application Form - Public Partnership Opportunity with the GEM Foundation Share Facebook LinkedIn Download 2025 | Brochure Please prepare your proposals with this Application Template and convert to a PDF file, and submit your application to s ecretarial@globalquakemodel.org . Please ensure that your responses are clear and concise. If your organisation can provide additional supporting documents (e.g., reports, case studies, project summaries), you may attach them to your application.

News News Briefs: June 2022 Topiqs Newsletter By: Jun 6, 2022 Share Facebook LinkedIn During this period, GEM scientists have also participated in various international virtual conferences and events on loss models, earthquake risk assessment, and global challenges in earthquake risk and catastrophe modelling. -TREQ project Online OpenQuake engine training More than 80 participants from around the world registered for the online training course which was held on May 6th, 13th, 20th and June 3rd 2022. The course was designed for an audience with a diverse background and expertise and covers the main concepts of earthquake risk assessment, along with the basic features of the OpenQuake Engine. -Comprehensive Multi hazard Risk Assessment in Malawi project GEM will be working soon with a World Bank project led by Centro Internazionale in Monitoraggio Ambientale (CIMA, Italy) and co-partners Malawi University of Business and Applied Sciences (MUBAS) and British Geological Survey (BGS) to provide technical services to fill a gap in Malawi’s national level disaster risk (multi-hazard) risk assessment. -Palestine - preliminary multi-hazard risk map portal delivered GEM has completed a preliminary map portal for multi-hazard risk assessment of Palestine. The project, funded by Palestine’s Municipal Development and Lending Fund (MDLF), is being implemented together with the University of Palestine. -GEM commercial models presented at Reinsurance Association of America (RAA): Cat Risk Management 2022 event by Nasdaq Nasdaq, a GEM distribution partner presented GEM’s commercial earthquake models for Colombia, South Africa and China at the RAA cat risk management event held in Orlando, Florida, USA from May 23rd - May 26th. This year’s Cat Risk Management 2022 discussed insights on how best to position companies and assist clients to stay ahead of a rapidly changing global risk environment. No images found. GALLERY 1/0 Gallery VIDEO RELATED CONTENTS

News GEM-SERA OpenQuake Training in Istanbul, Turkey By: Oct 7, 2019 Share Facebook LinkedIn SERA-GEM workshop participants Istanbul, Turkey 2019 More than 50 individuals from 17 countries participated in the OpenQuake training on September 13th held in Istanbul, Turkey. GEM’s Vitor Silva, Luis Martins and Venetia Despotaki demonstrated the main steps on how to run the probabilistic event-based risk calculator for a country and produce the various risk metrics of the European risk model. The training was part of a 2-day SERA European Seismic Risk Workshop organized by the Department of Earthquake Engineering, Bogazici University, GEM and EUCENTRE SERA project. The objective of the workshop was to review the European Seismic Risk Model. Partners of the SERA project presented updates on each of the main components of the European risk model: Laurentiu Danciu (ETH) for the European seismic hazard model (ESHM 2020); Kyriazis Pitilakis (AUTH) and Graeme Weatherill (GFZ) for the site amplification model; Venetia Despotaki (GEM) for the residential and non-residential exposure model; and Vitor Silva (GEM) for the physical vulnerability model, socio-economic vulnerability model, and OpenQuake-engine calculations, testing and calibration. Speakers from the insurance industry, international disaster risk organisations and national civil protection agencies also shared their experiences with the European seismic risk model. No images found. GALLERY 1/5 VIDEO RELATED CONTENTS

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News GEM News Briefs: Jan-Mar 2023 By: Apr 11, 2023 Share Facebook LinkedIn During this period, GEM scientists have also participated in various international virtual conferences and events on loss models, earthquake risk assessment, and global challenges in earthquake risk and catastrophe modelling. Here's a round-up of GEM's other notable activities over the past three months. GEM celebrates 14th year anniversary On March 9th, 2009, the Global Earthquake Model (GEM) Foundation was incorporated in Pavia, Italy as a non-profit organization, giving the Foundation a legal identity with a vision of a world that is resilient to #earthquakes (and other natural hazards). Over the past three years (from April 16, 2020 to April 17, 2023), public and private risk professionals, researchers and managers have downloaded a variety of free resources 8,427 times from the GEM website to better understand and mitigate earthquake risk. The list is topped by the Global Seismic Hazard map v2018.1 (1,124), the OpenQuake Engine (1,002) and the Global Seismic Risk map (492). Since GEM started tracking the downloads in 2019, visitors have downloaded various resources for a total of 12.6K. In celebration of GEM@14, here are the other most popular resources from our website and we’d like to invite you to download them from our products and publications at https://globalquakemodel.org/products and https://globalquakemodel.org/publications . NERC renews GEM sponsorship The United Kingdom through the National Environmental Research Council (NERC) has signed a new agreement as GEM Public Sponsor. NERC will continue to support GEM through 2025. Within the new sponsorship agreement, GEM’s engagement with the COMET project will also continue. The renewed partnership also brings GEM, COMET, the UK science community, as well as all those vulnerable to earthquakes globally to work together to achieve a common vision: earthquake resilience through the advancement of earthquake science. Towards New Frontiers of Earthquake Model Development – How collaboration helps manage earthquake risk across the world (Catrisk management and modelling summit held in London from March 7-9, 2023) Recently, GEM participated in the 10th Annual Cat Risk Management and Modelling Summit held in London. John Schneider of GEM and Goran Trendafiloski of Aon Impact Forecasting led the interactive roundtable discussion: Towards New Frontiers of Earthquake Model Development – How collaboration helps manage earthquake risk across the world. The discussion highlighted the collaboration between GEM, Aon Impact Forecasting and NRCan in developing a new model that combines the latest seismic hazard model for Canada, implemented by NRCan natively in GEM’s OpenQuake engine, with Impact Forecasting’s enhancements for secondary perils, including liquefaction, landslides, tsunami and fire following earthquake. Furthermore, the discussion also focused on the importance of building partnerships between public and private organizations to collaborate on the reduction of disaster risk worldwide. John and Andres Abarca, GEM Product Developer, also met current and prospective collaborators at the event and discussed GEM’s available earthquake data sets and risk models. NIED workshop on Japan earthquake hazard in Tohoku Marco Pagani and John Schneider (virtually) participated in the National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience (NIED) workshop on Japan earthquake hazard in Tohoku on February 10th, 2023 held in Tokyo, Japan. John presented an overview of GEM, its scientific and operational framework, earthquake models, databases and tools, and future programs. Marco presented GEM’s current efforts to update GEMs earthquake hazard mosaic of models, with a particular focus on GEM’s collaboration with NIED.. Following the workshop, John and Paul Henshaw, GEM Director of Technology and Development met a contingent from NIED in Pavia, Italy in March led by Hayashi Haruo who served as NIED President from April 2016 to March 2023. Hayashi-san expressed confidence in NIED’s commitment to continuing its work with GEM as part of the strengthening international collaboration and shift toward multi-hazard risk assessment research. NIED recently submitted a 5-year proposal to the Japan Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) for the renewal of its science program, including sponsorship of GEM. A presentation on NIED and GEM partnership by Dr. Hiroyuki Fujiwara, Director-General of Research Center for Reinforcement of Resilient Function at the Tohoku hazard workshop. GEM and Swiss Re collaboration to build a Global EarthquakE ScEnario database or GEESE The project supported by SwissRe aims at building a database containing the information required to perform a scenario hazard and risk analysis for every earthquake included in the ISC-GEM catalog (the acronym used for this database is GEESE which stands for Global EarthquakE ScEnario). This semester we started compiling the information and the tools required to build the database. This includes tools for automatically retrieving information from the USGS Shakemap database and for uploading this information into a dedicated database. GEM Earthquake Consequences Database The GEM Risk team developed an Earthquake Consequences Database, which contains a wealth of information on several recent earthquakes, both in terms of the geophysical descriptions of the earthquake and its effects on the human environment. The GEM Hazard team created tools for this purpose to parse and display ruptures suitable for modeling in OpenQuake from data created by external sources (such as the USGS). The database will be launched in June. Asian Development Bank – Mongolia project As part of a project with Willis Towers Watson (WTW) on “Strengthening Capacity on Disaster Risk Assessment, Reduction, and Transfer Instruments in Mongolia”, funded by the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the Risk Team significantly improved the exposure model for Mongolia. The residential exposure is now based on the latest population and housing census of Mongolia, undertaken in 2020. The housing census provides information about the different types of housing, wall and roofing materials, the age profile of the housing stock and its current condition. The primary data source for modelling the commercial and industrial exposure was the 2016 establishment census of Mongolia, supplemented by updated establishment counts for the year 2020 per economic activity type, by region, aimag (provinces), soum (secondary subdivision) and the capital city of Ulaanbaatar. Global Resilience Index Initiative (GRII) Within the framework of the Global Resilience Index Initiative (GRII), GEM developed global maps of populations exposed to earthquakes and coastal/riverine floods. These maps have been integrated into the Global Systemic Risk Assessment Tool (G-SRAT), which is the data and analytics portal for the GRII, and launched at the COP-27 conference last November. You can access G-SRAT portal and the various datasets here: https://global.infrastructureresilience.org/ Global vulnerability database GEM created a dedicated website to host the documentation for the global vulnerability model. The documentation is accessible through the URL https://docs.openquake.org/vulnerability and is currently subdivided into six main chapters covering the multiple stages of vulnerability modelling. With this development, the plan is to improve the transparency of this component and ensure our partners comprehend how the vulnerability functions were developed. No images found. GALLERY 1/2 VIDEO RELATED CONTENTS

News TREQ project trains participants online from Costa Rica, Ecuador and Colombia on Assessment of Damages and Losses using Seismic Scenarios By: Jul 26, 2020 Share Facebook LinkedIn OpenQuake Engine online training, TREQ Project The TREQ project team successfully conducted online OpenQuake training workshops. The training comprises two modules: one for ground motion generation, one for assessment of damage and losses, with a total duration of six hours. Around 100 participants from Dominican Republic; Costa Rica; Quito, Ecuador; México; and Colombia have participated. The online training was led by GEM’s Catalina Yepes and Alejandro Calderon, and EAFIT’s professors Ana Beatriz Acevedo and Daniela Gonzales. The workshops held during the last two months helped to identify and adjust online tools required to teach OpenQuake remotely and maintain active collaborations on the project despite the ongoing pandemic. The results have now been used to design and customize upcoming OpenQuake training for a wider audience, including students, professors and government officials in Latin America. The TREQ project, funded by USAID OFDA aims to improve GEM tools and resources for urban risk assessment, together with improvements for capacity and training. Additional online activities are being organised to facilitate and train educators in the use of the GEM tools for earthquake risk assessment. No images found. GALLERY 1/4 Gallery VIDEO RELATED CONTENTS

News News Briefs: GEM activities from March-May 2019 By: May 23, 2019 Share Facebook LinkedIn Mauro Dolce, GEM Governing Board Chairperson during one of the strategic planning exercises. Photo credit: GEM A round-up of GEM's other notable activities during the past three months. GEM Strategic Planning meeting GEM organized a 2-day strategic planning meeting to develop an integrated strategy and vision for a sustainable, resilient GEM from the present to 2030. GEM staff and members of the GEM Sustainability Committee participated in the meeting held at CAR College, Pavia, Italy from 29-30 April. Members of the GRAF Expert Group also joined as advisors. The strategic planning meeting was facilitated by Laura Lee, Architect, Integrated Strategic/Systems Design. European Geosciences Union Meeting 2019 GEM’s Hazard Coordinator, Marco Pagani recently participated in the EGU General Assembly that took place in Vienna, Austria last April. The event drew more than 16,000 scientists from 113 countries and featured 5,531 oral, 9,432 poster, and 1,287 PICO presentations as well as almost 700 unique scientific sessions together with 87 short courses and 338 side events. GEM participates in this yearly event to keep abreast of the latest development and advancements in European geoscience. Other activities: Vitor Silva's participation at SERA workshop and meeting in Edinburgh, Scotland; Marco Pagani's presentation of GEM at Willis Towers Watson in London; Richard Styron's presentation of GEM at the Seismological Society of America conference in Seattle, Washington, USA; and John Schneider's meeting with Professor Tso-Chien Pan from the Institute of Catastrophe Risk Management-NTU Singapore. NTU has rejoined GEM Governing Board this year after a brief hiatus. No images found. GALLERY GEM Strategic Planning GEM Strategic Planning GEM-NTU Singapore Meeting 2019 GEM Strategic Planning 1/9 GEM activity photos March-May 2019 VIDEO RELATED CONTENTS

News Resilience is in our hand By: Jul 2, 2018 Share Facebook LinkedIn In 2009 you wrote Peace of mind in earthquake country (together with Peter Yanev), which is considered “the bible about earthquake risks”. Why do you think it was so well received by the non-expert public? And based on that experience, how communication should change in order to facilitate a global “understanding of risk” (as suggested in the recent Sendai Framework 2015)? We wrote the book for non-technical people, following the lead from Peter’s 1974 First Edition. We tried to demystify earthquake engineering and make it tangible for everyone. The key is that there are really simple things that can be done to reduce risk, and we wanted to get that message across. In my mind, the key to achieving a ‘global understanding of risk’ is to use consistent simple language across industries, from policy to insurance to engineering – GEM could be a leader in establishing this common terminology. Often developing countries are lagging behind in the process of making their environment safer. To which extent are innovation, sustainability, and open source technology keywords to empower resilience in the most vulnerable regions? Risk for developing countries is usually understood and communicated at the regional level, rather than at the building-specific level. We have to get knowledge about individual risks into the hands of people that can do something about it. Regional planning and policy can only go so far. This is a great opportunity for GEM. Through technology and open source tools we are now better able to capture and communicate site-specific information, empowering the owners of that risk. This will drive resilience which will drive sustainability – what is the carbon footprint of a major earthquake? The positive cycle of encouraging insurance coverage for buildings in order to spread the risk and make premiums more affordable often disregards incentives to take measures for loss prevention. How do you think insurance schemes should address the issue of prevention?This touches on one of the greatest opportunities in earthquake risk reduction. Earthquake insurance is generally priced on the mean, with significant cross-subsidization. The good risks pay for the bad, and there is little incentive for improvement at the building level. (If home prices were based on the neighborhood mean, the incentives to put in that new kitchen would certainly change!). Again, this is a great opportunity for GEM. If we can connect risk at the building scale to portfolio exposure and therefore insurance pricing, we can create financial incentives for resilience. Retrofitting costs are unaffordable in many countries of the world. Which can be the solution for this problem? Can open data in some way ease this process?Open data, at the building-level scale, will empower people to do something. Data on the overall risk at the regional level helps, but we really need to find a way to inform people as to their risk, not the average risk profile for their city. Business continuity is crucial in the post-earthquake phase and securing your buildings and installations is critical. Can you give me a measure of the cost-benefit ratio of retrofitting a working environment? The opportunity here is to balance business continuity costs with insurance and real estate costs. It makes no sense to view these disciplines in isolation, although this is often the case. Business continuity and insurance costs should reflect more resilient construction and this reduction in costs should incentivize better real estate standards. Looking at these disciplines together, I have rarely seen payback periods greater than 3 years for major retrofit or resilient design enhancements. How do you think private sector, and specifically engineering companies like ARUP, can play a role in risk reduction? Engineering companies typically understand risk at the building-scale. Modeling and insurance companies typically understand risk at the portfolio scale. Engineers need to get better at portfolio analysis to have greater impact (and insurers need to get better at building analysis) and Arup is heading in that direction. In 2013 ARUP was the first engineering firm to join GEM. Can you make a round-up of the past 2 years of collaboration?It has been a fantastic opportunity for Arup to be a supporter of GEM, and for me personally to be involved in such an important effort. What I mentioned in 2013 still holds, “by combining our global engineering expertise with seismological and financial aspects of the model, we will help quantify the benefits of risk mitigation, help create financial incentives for earthquake resiliency and thus save lives”. How can the engineering sector benefit from open source software like the OpenQuake-Engine or specific tools destined to structural assessment, retrofitting and reconstruction?GEM can help the engineering sector perform portfolio analysis based on their detailed understanding of earthquake risk at the building scale. This will incentivize risk-differentiated insurance pricing, which will incentive resilience. Andrew Thompson ran the Global Catastrophe Risk & Insurance practice at Arup, and represented Arup on the governing board of GEM from 2013 - 2015. He recently left Arup to start a technology company that quantifies earthquake risk at the building scale to help insurers better manage their portfolio exposure. Andrew holds a master’s degree in structural engineering from the University of California, Berkeley. No images found. GALLERY 1/0 VIDEO RELATED CONTENTS

News COP27: Launch of GRII Demonstrator By: Dec 6, 2022 Share Facebook LinkedIn The Global Resilience Index Initiative (GRII) launched a Demonstrator at COP27. The launch of the Demonstrator aimed to provide the initial set of people, planet, and prosperity indices to guide financial decisions to scale up adaptation. At COP27, the GRII also called on innovators and data providers worldwide to support the scaling and improvement of this initiative, as well as engagement from more pathfinder institutions and governments. The Initiative noted that the availability of scientific and reliable data is the foundation of building resilience and that climate risk indices must not only be made available but accessible as well to financial systems and economies. Launched in COP26, GRII is a global public-private partnership to address the climate data emergency with consistent, accessible, and reliable risk information for use by governments, the financial sector, and wider communities. It draws upon significant cross-sector risk modelling experience, including public-private partnerships between governments, academia, insurance, and engineering. The GRII founding partners include: Centre for Greening Finance and Investment (CGFI) Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI) Coalition for Climate Resilient Investment (CCRI) Global Earthquake Model (GEM) Foundation Insurance Development Forum (IDF) United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) For more information please visit: www.globalresilienceindex.org . No images found. GALLERY 1/0 Gallery VIDEO RELATED CONTENTS