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Project Name Products Global Exposure Model Comprehensive datasets of the residential, commercial and industrial building stock worldwide Share Facebook X (Twitter) LinkedIn Description The Global Exposure Model is a mosaic of local and regional models with information regarding the residential, commercial, and industrial building stock at the smallest available administrative division of each country and includes details about the number of buildings, number of occupants, vulnerability characteristics, average built-up area, and average replacement cost. The dataset is developed and maintained by the GEM Foundation, using a bottom-up approach at the global scale, using national statistics, socio-economic data, and local datasets. The datasets employed to develop this model were provided by national institutions, or developed within the scope of regional programs or bilateral collaborations. The global maps and the underlying databases are based on the best available and publicly accessible datasets and models. This model allows the identification of the most common types of construction worldwide, regions with large fractions of informal construction, and areas prone to natural disasters with a high concentration of population and building stock. The underlying datasets used to create the maps are available for all regions of the world, aggregated at Administrative Level 1 under a CC BY-NC-SA license, or further disaggregated under specific licenses. The open and downloadable Global Exposure Map (v2023.1) in PNG format, presents the geographic distribution of residential, commercial and industrial buildings. The number of buildings and total replacement cost is presented on a hexagonal grid, with a spacing of 0.30 x 0.36 decimal degrees (approximately 1,000 km2 at the equator). The Global Exposure Map (shapefiles) consists of four layers that depict for each hexagon the number of buildings, the built-up area, the total replacement value and the total population. How to cite this work Yepes-Estrada, C., Calderon, A., Costa, C., Crowley, H., Dabbeek, J., Hoyos, M., Martins, L., Paul, N., Rao, A., Silva, V. (2023). Global Building Exposure Model for Earthquake Risk Assessment. Earthquake Spectra. doi:10.1177/87552930231194048 Available Versions The maps for the number of buildings and total exposed replacement value are available for direct download, as high-definition PNG files, under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license. Users interested in this version can click the "Open Version Download" button in the right panel to access the information. If your use case does not meet the open license requirement, or if you are interested in obtaining the full set of layers as a shapefile, please submit a request in our system by clicking on the "License Request", where a specific license will be provided, depending on the use case. License information The open version is available under a Creative Commons CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license, which requires: *Attribution (you must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made) *Non-commercial (you may not use the material for commercial purposes) *ShareAlike (derivatives created must be made available under the same license as the original) Any deviation from these terms incur in license infringement. For commercial use of the dataset, a specific license agreement must be made tailored to your use case, in such instance please click on "License Request". Share License CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 Available resources Open Repository Geoviewer PNG Documentation License Request Acknowledgements Facebook X (Twitter) LinkedIn By selecting a region in the global map below, a table will appear with the region, country, or territory for which GEM currently has exposure models. You can also use the Search box to find a specific country or territory's exposure model. Map View Search Popup title Close Country/Region Available Resources Country/Region Available Resources Country/Region Resource Url Search Found Country/Region Resource Url Preview Preview is not available. Search Found Country/Region Resource Url Preview Preview is not available. Search Found Country/Region Resource Url Preview Preview is not available. Related products OpenQuake Engine Global Vulnerability Model Global Seismic Risk Map Country-Territory Seismic Risk Profiles Global Seismic Hazard Map Related publications Global building exposure model for earthquake risk assessment Read More For downloading or accessing detailed product information like PNG/PDF maps, datasets, license request, shapefiles and more, please switch to a desktop or laptop computer. Thank you for your understanding.

Global Earthquake Maps Global Earthquake Risk Map VIEWER PDF PNG CONTRIBUTORS DOCUMENTATION References ​ TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION The Global Seismic Risk Map (v2018.1) comprises four global maps. The main map presents the geographic distribution of average annual loss (USD) normalised by the average construction costs of the respective country (USD/m2) due to ground shaking in the residential, commercial and industrial building stock, considering contents, structural and non-structural components. The normalised metric allows a direct comparison of the risk between countries with widely different construction costs. It does not consider the effects of tsunamis, liquefaction, landslides, and fires following earthquakes. The loss estimates are from direct physical damage to buildings due to shaking, and thus damage to infrastructure or indirect losses due to business interruption are not included. The Global Seismic Hazard Map depicts the geographic distribution of the Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) with a 10% probability of being exceeded in 50 years, computed for reference rock conditions (shear wave velocity of 760-800 m/s). The Global Exposure Map depicts the geographic distribution of residential, commercial and industrial buildings. The Global Seismic Fatalities Map depicts an estimate of average annual human losses due to earthquake-induced structural collapse of buildings. The results for human losses do not consider indirect fatalities such as those from post-earthquake epidemics. The average annual losses and number of buildings are presented on a hexagonal grid, with a spacing of 0.30 x 0.34 decimal degrees (approximately 1,000 km2 at the equator). The average annual losses were computed using the event-based calculator of the OpenQuake engine, an open-source software for seismic hazard and risk analysis developed by the GEM Foundation. The seismic hazard, exposure and vulnerability models employed in these calculations were provided by national institutions, or developed within the scope of regional programs or bilateral collaborations. These global maps and the underlying databases are based on best available and publicly accessible datasets and models. Due to possible model limitations, regions portrayed with low risk may still experience potentially damaging earthquakes. The GEM Risk Map is intended to be a dynamic product, such that it may be updated when new datasets and models become available. Releases of updated versions of the seismic risk map are anticipated on a regular basis. Additional hazard and risk metrics for each country can be explored at globalquakemodel.org/gem. How to use and cite this work Please cite this work as: V. Silva, D. Amo-Oduro, A. Calderon, J. Dabbeek, V. Despotaki, L. Martins, A. Rao, M. Simionato, D. Viganò, C. Yepes-Estrada, A. Acevedo, H. Crowley, N. Horspool, K. Jaiswal, M. Journeay, M. Pittore (2018). Global Earthquake Model (GEM) Seismic Risk Map (version 2018.1), DOI: 10.13117/GEM-GLOBAL-SEISMIC-RISK-MAP- 2018. This work is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-SA). Acknowledgements This map is the result of a collaborative effort and extensively relies on the enthusiasm and commitment of various organisations to openly share and collaborate. The creation of this map would not have been possible without the support provided by several public and private organisations during GEM’s second working programme (2014-2018). None of this would have been possible without the extensive support of all GEM Secretariat staff. These key contributions are profoundly acknowledged. A complete list of the contributors can be found at globalquakemodel.org/gem. Legal statements This map is an informational product created by the GEM Foundation for public dissemination purposes. The information included in this map must not be used for the design of earthquake-resistant structures or to support any important decisions involving human life, capital and movable and immovable properties. The values of seismic hazard and risk in this map do not constitute an alternative nor do they replace building actions defined in national building codes or earthquake risk estimates derived nationally. Readers seeking this information should contact the national authorities tasked with seismic hazard and risk assessment. The seismic risk map results from an integration process that is solely the responsibility of the GEM Foundation. https://www.globalquakemodel.org/risk-technical-description MAJOR SPONSORS Verisk ARUP GEOSCIENCE AUSTRALIA CSSC NRCan EAFIT ETH ZURICH EUCENTRE FM GLOBAL GFZ GIROJ GNS SCIENCE HANNOVER RE MUNICH RE NTU ICRM NEPHILA NERC NIED NSET OYO PARTNER RE DPC SGC SWISS SER SWISS RE FOUNDATION SURAMERICANA TEM RCN USGS USAID WTW ZURICH INSURANCE

Project Name Products Papua New Guinea Hazard OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for Papua New Guinea Share Facebook X (Twitter) LinkedIn Description The model covering Papua New Guinea was developed within a collaboration between the Port Moresby Geophysical Observatory and Geoscience Australia; see Ghasemi et al. (2016). The original construction of the model is compatible with the OpenQuake engine. How to cite this work Ghasemi, Hadi, Chris McKee, Mark Leonard, Phil Cummins, Mathew Moihoi, Spiliopoulos Spiro, Felix Taranu, and Eric Buri. "Probabilistic seismic hazard map of Papua New Guinea." Natural Hazards 81, no. 2 (2016): 1003-1025. Available Versions An open version (2015.0.0) is available for direct download under a CC BY 4.0 license. Users interested in this version can click the "Open Version Download" button in the right panel to access the information. Other versions can be consulted in the model documentation. License information The open version is available under a Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 license, which requires: *Attribution (you must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made) Any deviation from these terms incur in license infringement. In such instance please click on "License Request". Share License CC BY 4.0 Available resources Open Version Download Documentation License Request Facebook X (Twitter) LinkedIn text Map View Search Popup title Close Country/Region Available Resources Country/Region Available Resources Country/Region Resource Url Search Found Country/Region Resource Url Preview Preview is not available. Search Found Country/Region Resource Url Preview Preview is not available. Search Found Country/Region Resource Url Preview Preview is not available. Related products Global Exposure Model Global Vulnerability Model Global Seismic Risk Map Country-Territory Seismic Risk Profiles Global Seismic Hazard Map Related publications For downloading or accessing detailed product information like PNG/PDF maps, datasets, license request, shapefiles and more, please switch to a desktop or laptop computer. Thank you for your understanding.

News TREQ OpenQuake Online Training: Earthquake Scenarios - Ground Motion Fields By: ​ ​ Sep 21, 2020 ​ Share Facebook X (Twitter) LinkedIn ​ The GEM TREQ project team successfully conducted its full OpenQuake online training on September 18th after a series of pilot activities over the last two months. Participants from Argentina, Ecuador, Colombia, Peru, Dominican Republic, Mexico and El Salvador participated in the online training. Catalina Yepes and Alejandro Calderon led and facilitated the first of two sessions for Module II – Part 1: Earthquake Scenarios - Ground Motion Fields. Part 2 is scheduled on September 25th. The Ground Motion Fields session covered concepts in seismic faults, ground shaking intensity, ground motion models (GMPEs) and ground motion fields (GMFs). Facilitators presented and demonstrated how to model a fault rupture in OpenQuake, how to prepare the required input files, how to run various examples, and how to compare results based on the modelling assumptions. A participant from Costa Rica, who has attended previous workshops in person commented “…the workshops have been very good. The online modality has been better than expected. If the sessions are converted into video materials, they would be useful!”. The GEM Risk Team has produced complementary video materials for the workshops, already available on l and currently in use in courses at EAFIT University and University of El Salvador. As part of TREQ’s activities to promote the project, Alejandro Calderon gave a presentation on "Seismic risk assessment using free access tools" upon the invitation of the College of Civil Engineers of Tijuana, through their Center of Continuing Education in Civil Engineering. The webinar was held on August 17, 2020. You can find the presentation (in Spanish) in the following links: The OpenQuake online training initiative is part of the TREQ project activities, led by the GEM Foundation and funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID). It is designed to build the capacity of risk professionals with a diverse background and expertise, on earthquake risk assessment and the use of the basic features of the OpenQuake engine. Download the to learn more about the topics and upcoming schedules. No images found. GALLERY 1/2 VIDEO RELATED CONTENTS

Project Name Products Australia Hazard OpenQuake engine input model to perform hazard calculations for Australia Share Facebook X (Twitter) LinkedIn Description The Global Hazard Mosaic coverage of the Australian continent uses the 2018 model of Geoscience Australia (Allen et al., 2018a and Allen et al., 2018b), with input from the greater seismology community in Australia, as an update to the 2012 national model. The model was originally implemented in the OpenQuake (OQ) engine format, and only the computed sites grid was modified by the GEM Secretariat. How to cite this work Allen, T., J. Griffin, M. Leonard, D. Clark, and H. Ghasemi (2018a). The 2018 National Seismic Hazard Assessment for Australia: model overview, Geoscience Australia Record 2018/27, Canberra, doi: 10.11636/Record.2018.027. Allen, T. I., J. Griffin, and D. Clark (2018b). The 2018 National Seismic Hazard Assessment for Australia: model input files, Geoscience Australia Record 2018/32, Canberra, doi: 10.11636/Record.2018.032. Griffin, J., & Davies, G. Earthquake sources of the Australian plate margin, Geoscience Australia Record 2018/31, Canberra, doi: 10.11636/Record.2018.031. Available Versions An open version (v2018.0.0) is available for direct download under a CC BY 4.0 license. Users interested in this version can click the "Open Version Download" button in the right panel to access the information. Other versions can be consulted in the model documentation. License information The open version is available under a Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 license, which requires: *Attribution (you must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made) Any deviation from these terms incur in license infringement. In such instance please click on "License Request". Share License CC BY 4.0 Available resources Open Version Download Documentation License Request Facebook X (Twitter) LinkedIn text Map View Search Popup title Close Country/Region Available Resources Country/Region Available Resources Country/Region Resource Url Search Found Country/Region Resource Url Preview Preview is not available. Search Found Country/Region Resource Url Preview Preview is not available. Search Found Country/Region Resource Url Preview Preview is not available. Related products Global Exposure Model Global Vulnerability Model Global Seismic Risk Map Country-Territory Seismic Risk Profiles Global Seismic Hazard Map Related publications For downloading or accessing detailed product information like PNG/PDF maps, datasets, license request, shapefiles and more, please switch to a desktop or laptop computer. Thank you for your understanding.

Project Name Products Europe Exposure Repository with the inventory of residential, commercial and industrial buildings in Europe Share Facebook X (Twitter) LinkedIn Description The Global Exposure Model is a mosaic of local and regional models with information regarding the residential, commercial, and industrial building stock at the smallest available administrative division of each country and includes details about the number of buildings, number of occupants, vulnerability characteristics, average built-up area, and average replacement cost. The dataset is developed and maintained by the GEM Foundation, using a bottom-up approach at the global scale, using national statistics, socio-economic data, and local datasets. This model allows the identification of the most common types of construction worldwide, regions with large fractions of informal construction, and areas prone to natural disasters with a high concentration of population and building stock. For the case of Europe, the exposure model is built upon the dataset developed by the European Facilities for Earthquake Hazard and Risk (EFEHR). The original information can be consulted in the repository for the European Seismic Risk Model (ESRM20) on this link . The Europe region of the model includes the information pertaining the following countries/territories: Albania, Andorra, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia_and_Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Gibraltar, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Isle_of_Man, Italy, Kosovo, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, Netherlands, North_Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, United_Kingdom How to cite this work Yepes-Estrada, C., Calderon, A., Costa, C., Crowley, H., Dabbeek, J., Hoyos, M., Martins, L., Paul, N., Rao, A., Silva, V. (2023). Global Building Exposure Model for Earthquake Risk Assessment. Earthquake Spectra. doi:10.1177/87552930231194048 Available Versions An open version (v2023.1) of the model, aggregated at Administrative Level 1, is available for direct download under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license. Users interested in this version can click the "Open Repository" button in the right panel to access the information. The full version for any country/territory, at the highest resolution available, can be requested by clicking on the "License Request", where a specific license will be provided, depending on the use case. License information The open version is available under a Creative Commons CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license, which requires: *Attribution (you must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made) *Non-commercial (you may not use the material for commercial purposes) *ShareAlike (derivatives created must be made available under the same license as the original) Any deviation from these terms incur in license infringement. For commercial use of the model, a specific license agreement must be made tailored to your use case, in such instance please click on "License Request". Share License CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 Available resources Open Repository License Request Facebook X (Twitter) LinkedIn text Map View Search Popup title Close Country/Region Available Resources Country/Region Available Resources Country/Region Resource Url Search Found Country/Region Resource Url Preview Preview is not available. Search Found Country/Region Resource Url Preview Preview is not available. Search Found Country/Region Resource Url Preview Preview is not available. Related products Global Exposure Model Global Vulnerability Model Global Seismic Risk Map Country-Territory Seismic Risk Profiles Global Seismic Hazard Map Related publications European Seismic Risk Model 2020: Focus on Croatia Read More The European Seismic Risk Model 2020 (ESRM 2020) Read More Evaluation of Seismic Risk on UNESCO Cultural Heritage sites in Europe. International Journal of Architectural Heritage Read More For downloading or accessing detailed product information like PNG/PDF maps, datasets, license request, shapefiles and more, please switch to a desktop or laptop computer. Thank you for your understanding.

News GEM-World Bank/GFDRR-DFID challenge fund projects kick off By: ​ ​ Jul 2, 2018 ​ Share Facebook X (Twitter) LinkedIn ​ The GFDRR-DFID Challenge Fund projects on the development of exposure, vulnerability and hazard footprints databases kicked off with a 2-day inception workshop held at GEM Headquarters from 10-11 April 2017. Several organizations attended the workshop led by World Bank’s GFDRR, British Geological Survey (BGS), GEM Foundation and the University College London (UCL). BGS leads the development of a data schema and data for a multi-hazard database (Challenge 1) while GEM and University College London lead the development of a global exposure database (Challenge 2) and open vulnerability platform for evaluating risk (Challenge 3) respectively. GEM also contributes to Challenge Fund 1 and 3. The goal of the workshop is to integrate the three Challenge Funds so that the final product contributes to the broader objectives of the building evidence for action on disaster risk management and the Sendai Framework. Alanna Simpson, Senior Disaster Risk Management Specialist and leader of the GFDRR Labs team notes that “GEM has done very well in the development of earthquake exposure data” but added that “the idea of the three Challenge Funds is for people to collect information - hazard, exposure and vulnerability - on the built environment at the same time for multiple perils.” She further adds that “the projects would not only develop an exposure database schema that will allow people to collect data only once for many purposes, but would also look into how this framework would be flexible enough to take the top down and bottom up information, including official and non-official data so that they can be used to build the whole picture.” The GFDRR-DFID Challenge Fund seeks to bridge the gap between technology and on-the-ground user needs in the field of disaster risk identification. The Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR) is a global partnership that helps developing countries better understand and reduce their vulnerability to natural hazards and climate change.For more information, visit https://www.gfdrr.org and https://www.gfdrr.org/the-challenge-fund . No images found. GALLERY 1/0 VIDEO RELATED CONTENTS

Please fill in the form below to download or view the document. Thank you. Canada (v.2020) Product Additional Requests Sector I have read and agree to comply with the license terms of this product, and the conditions of products use. Reset fields Submit Download Thank you. Please click Download to get your item. Provide feedback to GEM on the use and impact of the product e.g. feedback survey. Share with GEM where the product was used i.e. research, publications or projects.