ATLAS 2.0 Ground-shaking intensities at multiple return periods all over the world Request a trial Sign in ATLAS 2.0 is GEM’s new hazard data service that allows users to access and interact with the outputs from the GEM Global Mosaic , used to generate the Global Seismic Hazard Maps . Available for public-good and commercial applications, users can now access full sets of hazard curves that describe the intensity of ground-shaking for different soil conditions, at multiple return periods, all over the world. KEY FEATURES Global Coverage Homogeneous coverage of the world with 3.6M sites on a hexagonal grid spaced every ~6.5 km, using Uber’s H3 geospatial indexing system . Multiple Metrics Ground-shaking intensity is available for peak ground acceleration (PGA) and spectral acceleration at periods of 0.2, 0.3, 0.6 and 1.0 seconds. Soil Conditions For each site, two sets of seismic hazard curves are available: for reference rock conditions and for site-specific conditions based on the USGS Global Vs30 Mosaic . Access Available through an interactive web platform allowing users to access the data graphically, or through an API for internal framework integration. READY TO FIT YOUR NEEDS ATLAS 2.0 simplifies the use of GEM Hazard Data for various applications. Whether you are looking for data to support your research, evaluate global portfolios of assets, complement structural design demands or provide your corporate clients with innovative insights; ATLAS is ready to fit your use case. Public good Research Disaster Agencies Humanitarian Commercial Insurance Engineering Corporate ATLAS 2.0 results are calculated using GEM’s state-of-the-art, open-source software the OpenQuake Engine , collating results from regional models based on the best science available for each area. Check out our comprehensive model documentation BUILT WITH THE LATEST SCIENCE FROM LOCAL TO GLOBAL Embracing Collaboration and Credibility as core values, the models that make up the GEM Global Mosaic have been created either in close collaboration with regional experts, contributed by national authorities or implemented by GEM scientists. The outputs are computed consistently for all sites and then assembled at the global scale. See our contributors for each model WHAT IS NEW? ATLAS 1.0 Created with data from the global model released in 2019 Ad-hoc spatial grid with 9-12 km spacing Access through web platform only Three intensity measures (PGA, and spectral accelerations at periods of 0.2 and 1.0 seconds) ATLAS 2.0 Created with data from the global model released in 2023 Uses H3 Geospatial grid with more stable ~6.5 km spacing (2.5X higher resolution) Access through web and API Five intensity measures (PGA, and spectral acceleration at periods of 0.2, 0.3, 0.6 and 1.0 seconds) WATCH ATLAS IN ACTION WANT TO LEARN MORE? Request a trial account or contact the team to learn more about ATLAS 2.0 and how it can fit your use case. Request a trial for the web platform Document Contact us for API access Document More Products

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Global Earthquake Maps Global Earthquake Social Vulnerability Map VIEWER PDF PNG CONTRIBUTORS DOCUMENTATION References Briguglio, L., Cordina, G., Farrugia, N. & Vella, S. 2009. Economic Vulnerability and Resilience: Concepts and Measurements. Oxford Development Studies, 37:3, 229-247, DOI: 10.1080/13600810903089893. Cutter, S. L., J. T. Mitchell, and M. S. Scott. 2000. Revealing the Vulnerability of People and Place: A Case Study of Georgetown County, South Carolina. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 90(4): 713-737. Cutter, S. L., B. J. Boruff, and W. L. Shirley. 2003. Social Vulnerability to Environmental Hazards. Social Science Quarterly 84 (2): 242-261. National Research Council. 2006. Facing Hazards and Disasters: Understanding Human Dimensions, Joseph Henry Press, Washington, D.C. Nersesian, W. 1988. Infant Mortality in Socially Vulnerable Populations. Ann. Rev. Public Health 9:361-377. Tierney, K. J., M. K. Lindell, and R. W. Perry. 2001. Facing the Unexpected: Disaster Preparedness and Response in the United States. Washington, D.C.: Joseph Henry Press. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION The Global Social Vulnerability Map, is a composite index that was developed to measure characteristics or qualities of social systems that create the potential for loss or harm. Here, the social vulnerability index helps to explain why some countries will experience adverse impacts from earthquakes differentially where the linking of social capacities with demographic attributes suggests that communities with higher percentages of age dependent populations, homeless, disabled, under-educated, and foreign migrants are likely to exhibit higher social vulnerability than communities lacking these characteristics. Other relevant factors that affect the social vulnerability of populations include population density, slum populations, and international tourists. Criteria for indicator selection To choose indicators contextually exclusive for use in each map, the starting point was an exhaustive review of the literature on earthquake social vulnerability and resilience. For a variable to be considered appropriate and selected, three equally important criteria were met: - variables were justified based on the literature regarding its relevance to one or more of the indices. - variables needed to be of consistent quality and freely available from sources such as the United Nations and the World Bank; and - variables must be scalable or available at various levels of geography to promote sub-country level analyses. This procedure resulted in a ‘wish list’ of approximately 300 variables of which 78 were available and fit for use based on the three criteria. Process for indicator selection For variables to be allocated to an index, a two-tiered validation procedure was utilized. For the first tier, variables were assigned to each of the respective indices based on how each variable was cited within the literature, i.e., as being part of an index of social vulnerability, economic vulnerability, or recovery/resilience. For the second tier, machine learning and a multivariate ordinal logistic regression modelling procedure was used for external validation. Here, focus was placed on the statistical association between the socio-economic vulnerability indicators and the adverse impacts from historical earthquakes on a country-by country-basis. The Global Significant Earthquake Database provided the external validation metrics that were used as dependent variables in the statistical analysis. To include both severe and moderate earthquakes within the dependent variables, adverse impact data was collected from damaging earthquake events that conformed to at least one of five criteria: 1) caused deaths, 2) caused moderate damage (approximately $1 million USD or more), 3) had a magnitude 7.5 or greater 4) had a Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) X or greater, or 5) generated a tsunami. This database was chosen because it considers low magnitude earthquakes that were damaging (e.g., MW >=2.5 & MW<=5.5) and contains socio-economic data such as the total number of fatalities, injuries, houses damaged or destroyed, and dollar loss estimates in $USD. Countries not demonstrating at least a minimal earthquake risk, i.e., seismicity <0.05 PGA (Pagani et al. 2018) and <$10,000 USD in predicted average annual losses (Silva et al. 2018) were eliminated from the analyses so as not to include countries with minimal to no earthquake risk. A total study area consists of 136 countries. The Global Earthquake Model (GEM) Foundation The Global Socio-Economic Vulnerability Maps 2020 is a product of the GEM Foundation’s collaborative work with the Department of Geography at the University of Connecticut, USA. GEM is a non-profit foundation in Pavia, Italy funded through a public-private partnership with a vision to create a world that is resilient to earthquakes. Formed in 2009 through the initiative of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Global Science Forum in 2006, GEM participants represent national research and disaster management institutions; private sector companies mainly in insurance, risk financing and engineering; and academic and international organizations. GEM’s OpenQuake Platform website (platform.openquake.org) provides access to all of the data, models, tools and software behind the maps. GEM’s open-source OpenQuake engine enables probabilistic hazard and risk calculations worldwide and at all scales, from global down to regional, national, local, and site-specific applications in a single software package. GEM supports the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR) goals by contributing openly accessible products for hazard and risk assessment and capacity development through risk reduction projects. GEM also serves as a baseline or exemplar for the development of a broader multi-hazard framework for risk assessment in support of a holistic and comprehensive approach to disaster risk reduction. Technical details on the development and compilation of the socio-economic vulnerability maps, underlying models and the list of contributors can be found at: https://www.globalquakemodel.org/svrmaps/Social-Vulnerability-Index-Technical-Description. How to use and cite this work Please cite this work as: C Burton, M. Toquica (September 2020). Global Earthquake Model (GEM) Social Vulnerability Map (version 2020.1) DOI: https://doi.org/10.13117/gem-social-vulnerability-map. This work is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution - Non Commercial-Share Alike 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-SA). Acknowledgements This map is the result of a collaborative effort and extensively relies on the enthusiasm and commitment of various organisations to openly share and collaborate. The creation of this map would not have been possible without the support provided by several public and private organisations during GEM’s second and third working programmes, 2014-2018 and 2019-2021 respectively. None of this would have been possible without the extensive support of all GEM Secretariat staff. These key contributions are profoundly acknowledged. A complete list of the contributors can be found at: www. globalquakemodel.org/global-social-vulnerability. Legal statements This map is an informational product created by the GEM Foundation for public dissemination purposes. The information included in this map must not be used for the design of seismic socio-economic policies or to support any important decisions involving human life, capital and movable and immovable properties. The values of social vulnerability and risk values used in this map do not constitute an alternative nor do they replace any national government policy or actions defined in national codes or earthquake risk estimates derived nationally. Readers seeking this information should contact the national authorities tasked with socio economic and risk assessment. The socio-economic vulnerability maps are based on the results of an integration process that is solely the responsibility of the GEM Foundation. Contact GEM (Global Earthquake Model) Foundation Via Ferrata, 1 - 27100, Pavia, Italy info@globalquakemodel.org . More information available at: www. globalquakemodel.org/global-social-vulnerability MAJOR SPONSORS Verisk ARUP GEOSCIENCE AUSTRALIA CSSC NRCan EAFIT ETH ZURICH EUCENTRE FM GLOBAL GFZ GIROJ GNS SCIENCE HANNOVER RE MUNICH RE NTU ICRM NEPHILA NERC NIED NSET OYO PARTNER RE DPC SGC SWISS SER SWISS RE FOUNDATION SURAMERICANA TEM RCN USGS USAID WTW ZURICH INSURANCE

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October 22, 2020 1600-1730 CEST the openquake 10 year anniversary webinar Read article Background The OpenQuake Engine is at the foundation of GEM’s hazard and risk assessment capability and is a hallmark of GEM’s open framework and global collaboration network. Since its first release 10 years ago, the OQ Engine has become the primary analysis tool used by a wide range of scientists and engineers worldwide for the analysis of earthquake hazard and risk at scales from site-specific and urban through to national, regional and global. Purpose To celebrate GEM’s and the OQ communities’ achievements in developing OQ and applying it to analyze seismic hazard and risk worldwide. To explore current capabilities and future directions in the development of the software and its applications. speakers John Schneider GEM Secretary General Marco Pagani GEM Hazard Laurentiu Danciu ETH Zurich Yufang Rong FM Global, USA Vitor Silva GEM Risk Murray Journeay NRCan, Canada Ana Beatriz Acevedo EAFIT Univ, Colombia agenda October 22, 2020 1600-1730 CEST topic speaker Introduction and brief history ​ OQ Engine Hazard: past, present and future ​ Working with the OQ Engine for site-specific, national and regional hazard assessment Seismic hazard analysis for engineering-based insurance applications ​ OQ Engine Risk: past, present and future ​ Building a national risk model for Canada Urban Risk Assessment in Colombia ​ Questions and Answers, wrap-up John Schneider Marco Pagani Laurentiu Danciu Yufang Rong Vitor Silva Murray Journeay Ana Beatriz Acevedo John Schneider brochures presentations video a decade of serving oq engine to analize seismic hazard & risk to reduce losS of lives and properties for a safer and resilient future.

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FUTURE WORK Since 2009, GEM has led a global effort to improve the state of practice of earthquake hazard and risk assessment. GEM has developed open global databases, models and the OpenQuake software, and developed capacity for risk assessment worldwide. What role will GEM play as the risk landscape and associated demand evolve between now and 2030? Share Our Goal Integrated risk and resilience solutions With loss from natural catastrophic events projected to reach up to $2trn by 2030 (RMS, 2022) due to increasing global population, rapid urbanisation and extreme weather events, GEM’s strategic plan roadmap to 2030 aims to deliver integrated risk and resilience solutions in line with the Sendai Framework and Sustainable Development Goals to address this challenge. Approach & Strategy Key elements Maintain earthquake expertise and global leadership Develop and support user groups for key products Expand organisational and scientific partnerships Strengthen product and services development Advance core capability toward multi-hazard, future-risk models and maps Integrate risk and resilience solutions for downstream users ROADMAP TO 2030 TARGETS toward integrated risk and resilience solutions Earthquakes and secondary hazards Advanced earthquake and secondary earthquake hazards modelling Future exposure, vulnerability and risk Country and global portfolio loss assessment Multi-hazard and systemic risk assessment Multi-hazard risk modelling: earthquake, flood, severe wind, wildfire Cascading risk: infrastructure networks and critical facilities Multi-hazard risk assessments at urban to national scale Integrated risk and resilience solutions Hazard and risk metrics and indicators for risk managers and policy makers Multi-hazard, future-risk models and maps Hazard and risk information for downstream users COLLABORATION FRAMEWORK working within the disaster risk reduction ecosystem A schematic of GEM’s place within the disaster risk reduction ecosystem. It illustrates GEM’s relationships to product users and stakeholders in the broader disaster risk reduction community. Framing the ecosystem are the global drivers and GEM principles, which guide GEM’s overall direction and strategy toward its goal of a world that is resilient to earthquakes and other hazards. HOW TO SUPPORT OUR WORK various ways to support our work GEM offers flexible mechanisms to enable potential partners to contribute to its ongoing and future work programs. Partners and collaborators can enter into sponsorships, project partnerships and service agreements, and can select the level of engagement based on their needs and requirements. Get Involved Sponsorship Projects Donation Technical Cooperation & Research Bespoke Products & Services STRATEGIC PLAN AND ROADMAP TO 2030 Download GEM’s overall objective to 2030 is to develop capabilities and to serve the broader need for integrated risk assessment for resilience and sustainability due to globally increasing vulnerability and exposure of populations to natural hazards, including from climate change. To get a complete view of our future programs, download our brochure.